Registered Nurse (RN) Endocrine Licensure Exam

Which medication could potentially cause a blood glucose level of 400?

1. Glyburide

2. Atenolol

3. Bactrim

4. Prednisone

The correct answer is: Prednisone

The correct choice, which is Prednisone, is known to potentially cause elevated blood glucose levels, particularly when used in higher doses or over extended periods. As a corticosteroid, Prednisone influences glucose metabolism by stimulating gluconeogenesis in the liver and decreasing glucose uptake by peripheral tissues. This action can lead to hyperglycemia, which is particularly concerning for patients with diabetes or those at risk for diabetes. In contrast, Glyburide is an oral hypoglycemic agent that works by increasing insulin secretion from the pancreas and decreasing glucose production by the liver, thus typically lowering blood glucose levels rather than raising them. Atenolol, a beta-blocker, is not primarily associated with causing hyperglycemia; it may have neutral effects or even slightly lower blood sugar levels in some cases. Bactrim, an antibiotic, does not generally affect blood glucose levels, although it may have side effects for some patients that require monitoring. Understanding the pharmacological effects of medications is crucial in managing patients, especially those with diabetes, as certain drugs can significantly impact their glycemic control.