Registered Nurse (RN) Endocrine Licensure Exam

What should a patient starting on Diabinese for diabetes insipidus be taught?

1. Signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia

2. Restricting foods containing caffeine

3. Taking the medication on an empty stomach

4. Drinking 16 oz of water when taking the medication

The correct answer is: Signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia

Diabinese, or chlorpropamide, is typically used in the management of certain types of diabetes, particularly type 2 diabetes mellitus, and it can also be used as a treatment for diabetes insipidus in some cases. It is a sulfonylurea that works by stimulating the pancreas to release insulin, thus lowering blood glucose levels. When a patient is started on Diabinese, it is essential for them to be educated about the signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia because the medication can cause increased insulin secretion. Patients need to be aware of symptoms such as sweating, dizziness, confusion, and weakness, which can indicate that their blood sugar levels are dropping too low. Recognizing these signs early allows the patient to take corrective actions, such as consuming a quick source of sugar. While restricting caffeine and taking medication on an empty stomach might have some relevance in managing diabetes, they are not primary education points specific to the use of Diabinese. Similarly, the instruction regarding drinking water is generally important for hydration but does not specifically pertain to the pharmacological action or side effects of the drug. Understanding and recognizing the signs of hypoglycemia equips patients with the knowledge to manage their condition more safely and effectively.